chapter 27

    鈹鈹鈹鈹绻侀珨鏂団攢鈹鈹鈹

    鐒惰岋紝濂圭殑椹氭亹搴﹀湪鍥炲埌鎴块枔閭勫湪锛岃叇涓鎻涔嬩笉鍘荤殑鏄骞虫斂鐜嬮偅鍙鎬曠殑鐪肩彔瀛愶紝鐬浜虹殑闆欑灣鍙﹀ス瀹虫曘佹瘺楠ㄦ倸鐒躲?br />

    濂瑰潗鍦ㄥ簥閶涓婏紝绶婃姳钁楁灂闋璺熻瀛愶紝鎯宠佹兂鍒ョ殑浜嬫儏渚嗚綁绉昏嚜宸辩殑娉ㄦ剰鍔涳紝浣嗘槸閭ｉ洐鐪肩潧瀵﹀湪褰遍熆濂硅嚦娣憋紝濂规彯涔嬩笉鍘伙紝鍍呭儏鍙鏄闁夌溂鑰屽凡锛屽氨鏈冪湅鍒伴偅鍙鎬曠殑闆欑溂銆?br />

    娌掓湁澶氫箙锛屼粬璧伴蹭締銆?br />

    鐪嬪埌濂瑰湪搴婁笂绺钁楄韩瀛愶紝涓婂墠鍘伙紝銆屸︹﹀樺瓙锛屾庨杭浜嗭紵銆?br />

    濂规悥鎼栭牠锛屾兂瑾娌掍簨锛屼絾鑷変笂鐨勮〃鎯呭嚭璩ｄ簡濂癸紝鍗充究鍢翠笂瑾娌掍簨锛屽彲浠栭倓鏄鐪嬪緱鍑轰締濂圭殑瀹虫曘?br />

    鍧愬湪濂圭殑韬閭婏紝浠栧皣濂规憻閫茶嚜宸辩殑鎳蜂腑锛岃紩鎾钁楀ス鐨勮偐鑶锛屻屾矑浜嬩簡锛屾湁鎴戝湪銆傘?br />

    銆屸︹﹀か鍚涳紝浣犲戝墰鍓涘埌搴曞湪瑷庤珫浠楹间簨鎯咃紵銆嶅嚌閲嶇殑绁炴儏鐪嬭憲浠栥?br />

    浠栫瀲璧风溂鐫涳紝銆屽Τ鍓涚湡鐨勬矑鑱借嬶紵銆?br />

    銆屸︹︽矑鏈夈傘?br />

    鐪ㄤ簡鐪ㄧ溂鐫涳紝浠栬紩鍚愪簡涓鑱诧紝鍑濊栬憲濂硅锛氥屼粬瑕佹垜锛屾妸濡充氦绲︿粬銆傘?br />

    涓鑱借嬮欐ǎ鐨勮┍濂规劊浣忥紝閬查伈鍥炰笉浜嗙炪?br />

    鎶婂ス浜ょ郸浠栵紵閫欐槸浠楹兼剰鎬濓紵浜ょ郸浠栧仛浠楹硷紵

    銆屽彲鏄鎴戞嫆绲曚簡浠栥傘嶄粬绻肩簩瑾銆?br />

    銆屸︹﹀枖銆傘嶅ス娣℃贰鐨勫洖鎳夈?br />

    銆屸︹︺嶅枖锛?br />

    浠栫洴钁楀ス锛屻屾庨杭锛熼欎粈楹煎弽鎳夛紵濡充笉婊挎剰锛熴?br />

    銆屾矑锛屾垜娌掓湁涓嶆豢鎰忋傘嶅ス鎼栭牠锛岀瑧浜嗙瑧锛屻屼綘鎬庨杭鍙鑳芥崹寰楁妸鎴戜氦绲︿粬锛屼笉鏄鍡庯紵銆?br />

    銆岄欓杭鏈夎嚜淇★紵銆嶉欒嚜淇℃槸鍝渚嗙殑锛

    銆屽か鍚涳紝鑻ユ垜涓嶅湪浣犺韩閭婁簡锛屼綘鑲瀹氭渻鐒¤亰鐨勶紝浣犳庨杭鎹ㄥ緱鎶婃垜浜ょ郸鍒ヤ汉锛屽皪涓嶅皪锛熴?br />

    銆屸︹︺嶄粬涓鏅備箣闁撲笉鐭ラ亾瑕佸洖浠楹硷紝濂界媯鍌茬殑鍙ｆ埃鍟婏紵

    銆屾湁浜哄湪瀹剁瓑钁椾綘锛屾瘮绌鸿暕钑╃殑瀹讹紝涓嶆槸濂戒笂濂藉咕鍊嶅棊锛熴嶅ス鐕︾瑧锛岃屼粬杓曡紩鐨勭敤鎵嬭儗鎾閬庡ス鐨勯嶉牠锛屻屽皯璨у槾銆傘?br />

    銆屽攭鍛︺傘嶅ス鎽镐簡鎽搁嶉牠锛屽墰鍓涜纰板埌鐨勫湴鏂逛竴闄ｆ都鎰忋?br />

    杞夐牠鍐嶅害鐪嬪悜浠栵紝浠栫殑鍋磋噳鑿辫掑垎鏄庯紝娣遍們鐨勮噳瀛旂湅浼煎搥鎰佺殑妯℃ǎ锛屼笉鐭ラ亾寰炰粈楹兼檪鍊欓枊濮嬶紝濂规尯鍠滄′粬閫欑ó甯堕粸鎲傞辩殑绁炴儏銆?br />

    涓鐪ㄧ溂锛屽椒褰挎檪鍏夐兘闈滄浜嗐?br />

    鑰屽ス鐨勭溂涓鍙鏈変粬鐨勫瓨鍦锛屼篃甯屾湜钁椾粬鐨勭溂涓鍙鏈冩湁濂逛竴鍊嬩汉銆?br />

    鎯冲埌閫欙紝濂规憻鍚戜粬鐨勮叞闅涳紝閫欎簺寰鐨勫姏閬撹畵浠栨劊浣忥紝銆屾庨杭浜嗭紵銆?br />

    銆屸︹﹀か鍚涳紝瑾姝ｇ稉鐨勶紝浣犱笉鏈冧笩涓嬫垜鍚э紵銆?br />

    銆屸︹﹀墰鍓涗笉鏄鎸烘湁鑷淇＄殑鍡庯紵銆?br />

    銆屾湁鑷淇℃槸涓鍥炰簨锛屼絾鎵鏈夌殑琛岀偤閮芥搷绺卞湪浣犺韩涓婂晩锛併嶅ス瓒婃姳瓒婄穵锛屽椒褰跨湡鐨勬繁鎬曚粬鎾囦笅濂逛笉绠★紝濂硅锛氥屾垜鍙鏄寰堝枩姝′綘鐨勬糕︹︺?br />

    涓嶇煡閬撳緸浠楹兼檪鍊欙紝蹇冨氨鍚戜簡浠栵紝閫欎唤鍠滄¤秺绌嶈秺娣憋紝鍕熺劧鍥為栵紝宸叉績鍘氫竴鐗囷紝鎬庨杭鎯冲拷瑕栦篃鐒℃硶銆?br />

    鎴栬ū鐣舵檪濂瑰績鐥涚殑鏅傚欙紝濂瑰氨浜嗚В浜嗛偅蹇冪棝鐨勫師鍥犳槸鍥犵偤鍠滄′笂浜嗐?br />

    绐佷締鐨勫憡鐧藉彟浠栨矑鏈夎瑭憋紝浠栬箼鐪夌湅钁楁嚪涓鐨勫ス锛岃屽ス鍦ㄤ粬鎳蜂腑娌掓湁鍕曚綔锛屼篃涓嶅啀瑾瑭便?br />

    浠栦笉鏄甯镐汉娌掓湁蹇冭烦锛屾墍浠ュス鐒℃硶鑱藉埌浠栫殑蹇冭烦鑱诧紝鑻ヤ粬鏈夊績璺筹紝涓嶇煡閬撹伣鍒板ス瑾濂瑰枩姝′粬锛屽績璺宠伈鏈冧笉鏈冭畩蹇锛?br />

    涓嶉亷锛屼粬鎬庨杭涓嶈瑭憋紵

    鎮勬倓鎶闋鐪嬭憲浠栵紝鎯崇湅鐪嬩粬姝ゅ埢鐨勮〃鎯咃紝鍗婚Μ涓婅垏浠栧皪涓婄溂锛岃捣鍏堬紝鍏╀汉灏嶇湅浜嗗咕绉掗悩锛岃倢鑶氱浉璨肩殑瑕瀵嗗嫊浣滀甫娌掓湁灏峰艾锛岃屽師鍏堥欎唤灏峰艾涔熷湪涓嶇煡涓嶈轰腑